Internal Iliac Artery
Common Iliac Artery bifurcates at the level of L4; into External and Internal Iliac artery. External Iliac artery provides blood supply into peripheral areas via several other small branchesInternal Iliac artery plays a vital role in supplying pelvis and pelvic viscera.
Internal Iliac Artery further branches into Anterior and Posterior Branches at the upper margin of greater sciatic foramen; smaller than external iliac artery.
Relation of Internal Iliac artery: [2]
Posterior to the ureter
Anterior to the internal iliac vein, lumbosacral vein and piriformis muscle.
Branches of Internal Iliac artery:
A) Anterior Branches: can be memorized as 3 Urinary Branches. 3Visceral branches & 3superficial branches. [3]
a) 3 Urinary Branches:
i) Superior vesicle artery
ii) Inferior vesicle artery
iii) Umbilical artery (patent only in fetus)
b) 3 Visceral branches:
i) Uterine artery
ii) Vaginal artery
iii) Middle Rectal artery
c) 3 superficial branches
i) Internal Pudendal artery
ii) Obturator artery
iii) Inferior gluteal artery
B) Posterior Branches: can be memorized as IL-LS-SG
a) IL: Ilio-lumbar artery
b) LS: Lumbo-sacral artery
c) SG : Superior gluteal artery (contrast Inferior Gluteal artery in Anterior branch)
Diagram: [1]
References:
[1] Drake, R. L., Vogl, W., & Mitchell, A. W. (2014). Gray’s Atlas of Anatomy. Elsevier.
[2] Wikipedia.org . (n.d.). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_iliac_artery. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org.
[3] Yang , R., & Bashir , O. (n.d.). https://radiopaedia.org/articles/internal-iliac-artery. Retrieved from https://radiopaedia.org.
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